Machine tool



52 E. E. HOSEA 2,619,880

' "MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG, I

INVENTOR: EVERETT E. HOSE A AT T'YS Dec. 2, 1952 E. E. HOSEA' 2,619,880

MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG.6

INVENTOR: EVERETT E. HOSEA MW, Fa n W0 w ft ATT'YS Dec. 2, 1952 E. E.HOSEA 2,619,880

MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 5 \NVENTOR:

EVERETT E. HOSEA BY 61w, j MJHW Dec. 2, 1952 E. E. HOSEA 2,619,880

MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 7 E 1 l l r a21% 33 Wwi l J\\ J WI! \l i i Q Q f 7 W 3'5 0 O m i v s FIG. I3

INVENTOR; EVERETT E.HOSEA E. E. HbsEA MACHINE TOOL.

Dec. 2, 1952 16 Sheets-Sheet 8' Filed Sept. 9, 1946 E. E. HOSEA MACHINETOOL Dec. 2, 1952 16 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Sept. 9, 1946 ATT'Y S E. E.HOSEA MACHINE TOOL Dec. 2, 1952 16 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Sept. 9, 1946FIG. 18o.

VIEO 4| m '9 INVENTOR:

EVERETT E. HOSEA M @17 W. 14, 1.

ATT'YS E. E. HOSEA MACHINE TOOL Dec. 2, 1952 is Sheets-Sheet 11 FiledSept. 9, 1946 II/IHHHHII' 'III HI FIG. 20

rml m m u m INVENTOR: EVERETT E HOSEA GYM AT T'YS Dec. 2, 1952 E. E. HosEA 2,619,880

MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 l6 Sheets-Sheet 12 FIG. 23

9 9 lg 09 gas as I80: 94 lBa 5 7 FIG.25 93 INVENTOR: EVERET T E. HOSEAATT'Ys Dec. 2, 1952 E. E. HOSEA 9,38

MACHINE TOOL.

Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 14 mg 24. W W wx i NTOR;

236 235 FIG.28 23s EVERETT SEA Mm, W W+ q- AT T'Y S Dec. 2, 1952 E. E.HOSEA 2,619,880

MACHINE TOOL Filed Sept. 9, 1946 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 lao INVENTOR:

EVERETT E.HOSEA ATT'YS Patented Dec. 2, 1952 MACHINE TOOL Everett E.Hosea, Kaukauna, Wis., assignor to Giddings & Lewis Machine Tool 00.,Fond du Lac, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application September 9,1946, Serial No. 695,677

19 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in machine tools adaptedfor such metal removing operations, such as boring, drilling, milling,tapping and facing, and has particular reference to a universal machineof this type which is portable as an intact operable unit from place toplace for machining large and heavy work pieces.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a novel machine toolof the foregoing type in which a spindle headstock is verticallytranslatable on a column mounted on a base slide for horizontaltranslation therewith and for swivel adjustment thereon through 360, andin which a power operated drive transmission is adapted to beselectively connected either to translate the base slide or swivel thecolumn.

Another object is to provide such a machine in which the headstock ismounted for swivel adjustment about a horizontal axis on a head slideguided on the column to locate the spindle selectively in a horizontalposition or with the forward end of the spindle inclined either upwardlyor downwardly, the headstock including a lubricating system adapted totake oil from the lowermost portion of the headstock housing regardlessof the direction of inclination.

A further object is to provide new and improved means forinterconnecting related electrical units on the column and the baseslide in any swivel position of the column.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a machine embodying the featuresof the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a plan view;

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the spindle speed and feed geartransmissions;

Figs. ea and 4b are diagrammatic views of the gear drives fortranslating and rotatably adjusting the headstock column;

Fig. 4c is a diagrammatic view of the gear drive for the headstockelevating screw;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through the column andshowing the mounting or" the headstock;

5a is a fragmentary detail view;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View howing the mounting ofthe column;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional detailed View of a modified form ofone of the clamps for securing the headstock in different swivelpositions;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view F of the selective geardrives for rotating and translating the headstock column;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the lowerportion of the column, and showing the drive connections from the motorsfor rotating and translating the column;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through one of thepower-actuated clamping devices for the column base slide;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary bottom view of the clamping device shown inFig. 10, and taken in the direction of the arrows I II l of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially along linel2-l2 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the power actuatorfor the clamping devices for the base slide;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken substantiallyalong line l4l4 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the clutch actuatorfor the column drives;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view looking upwardly inthe plane of line I 6l 6 in Fig. 8;

Fig. 1'7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantiallyalong the line l'l-ll of Fig. 14;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary plan view of the base slide illustrating theclamping mechanism;

Fig. 180. is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along l nel8a-l8a of Fig. 25;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View through the columnillustrating the drive for the head elevating screw;

20 is an end view on an enlarged scale of the base frame and slide;

21 is a transverse sectional view through the column, and illustratin apart of the drive:

26a is a fragmentary plan view of a lock for,

the spindle feed transmission;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the automatictapping device in the headstock;

Fig. 28 is a fragmentary axial sectional view showing the setting clampfor the tapping dial;

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along line29-29 of Fig. 28;

Fig. 30 is a fragmentary View illustrating the means for angularlyadjusting the position of the spindle headstock;

Fig. 31 is a rear elevational view, in outline, of the spindleheadstock, and illustrating particularly the lubricating system;

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary rear view of the means for swiveling theheadstock;

Fig. 33 is a fragmentary front view of the means for swiveling theheadstock; and

Fig. 34 is a fragmentary side vew illustrating an index pin for theheadstock.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the universal machineconstituting the exemplary embodiment of the present invention comprisesin general an elongated horizontal base frame or runway I adapted to bemounted on'and rigidly secured to a suitable foundation, a base slide 2mounted on the base frame for horizontal translation, a vertical column3 mounted on the slide for translation therewith and for rotaryadjustment about a vertical axis through 360, a saddle or head slide 4(Fig. 2) mounted on the column for vertical translation, and a spindleheadstock 5 mounted on the slide for translation therewith and for aswivel adjustment in a vertical plane through approximately 45 bothabove and below the horizontal. The headstock 5 includes a tool spindle6 which is supported therein for rotation in forward and reversedirections selectively at eighteen different speed rates, and for axialtranslation in forward and reverse directionsselectively at eighteendifferent feed rates, and which is adapted to be located through swiveladjustment of the headstock 5 selectively in a horizontal position or inany desired angular position through a range of 90, with the operativeend disposed either above or below the swivel axis. B-y reason of theswivel adjustment of the column 3, the spindle s can also be located inany desired angular position about the vertival swivel axis. All of theunits 2, 3 and 4 are adapted to be traversed or swivelled by poweractuating means, and the headstock 5 is adapted to be swivelledmanually. All of-the units 2, 3, 4 and 5 are adapted to be rigidlyclamped to their respective supports in their selected positions ofadjustment, the clamps for the swivels being manually operable, and theclamps for the translatable units being power operable.

The base frame or runway I is hollow and rectangular in construction,and is internally webbed and chambered to enclose various portions ofthe power transmissions for selectively translating the base slide 2 orswivelling the column 3. Preferably, outboard supports are providedalong opposite sides of the base frame I to improve the stability of themachine, particularly when the latter is not rigidly secured tothefoundation. In the present instance, the outboard supports comprise twopairs of oppositely disposed spreader arms 7 (Figs. 1 and 3) which arepivotally secured at their innermost ends by meansof vertical pins 8 tointerfitting lugs 9 rigidly attached to the opposite sides of the baseframe I. Vertical adjusting screws II] are threaded through theoutermost ends of the spreader arms 'I' and are provided at their lowerends with flat circular pads II adapted to rest on the supportingfoundation. It will be evident that the spreader arm I can be swung outof the way along the sides of the base I when their use is not required,as, for example, when moving the machine from place to place.

The top of the base frame I is formed along opposite sides with twospaced parallel longitudinal guide rails I2 (Figs. 6 and 20) of flatrectangular form. The column slide 2 is formed in the underside andalong its opposite side margins with spaced parallel guideways I3complemental in transverse shape to the guide rails I2 and slidablyengaging the latter. Suitable gib plates I4 are secured to the undersideof the saddle 2 and engage underneath outwardly projecting portions ofthe guide rails I2 so as to confine the slide on the base frame I.

Any suitable means may be provided for traversing or adjusting the slide2 along the base frame I. In the present instance, a rectilinear gearrack I5 (Figs. 6 and 8) is rigidly secured to the base frame I inposition slightly below and intermediate the guideways I3, and extendslongitudinally in parallel relation thereto. The gear rack I5 is engagedby a drive pinion I6, which is fixed on the lower end of a vertical stubshaft I! located on the vertical swivel axis of the column 3. The shaftI'I extends upwardly through and is suitably journalled in a coaxialdepending cylindrical bearing I8 (Fig. 8) having an external peripheralmounting flange I9 doweled and bolted to the underside of the column 3.A nut 20 threaded and locked on the shaft I i above the bearing I8coacts with the gear I5 to support the shaft II vertically and toconstrain it against endwise movement. Above the nut 20, the shaft I! isreduced in size and extends for free rotation through an elongated drivesleeve 2I suitably journalled in a fixed axial position within the lowerend portion of column 3. A clucth sleeve 22 is slidably splined forrelative axial movement on the extreme upper end of the shaft I1. Thesleeves 2I and 22 are formed on their adjacent ends with suitable clutchelements 23 and 24 adapted for engagement to connect the shaft I! forpower drive when it is desired to translate or adjust the slide 2 alongthe guide rails I2 on base frame I.

The drive sleeve 2| may be connected to a suitable source of power,such, for example, as a reversible variable-speed electric motor 25. Inthe present instance, the motor 25 is mounted exteriorly on one side andadjacent the lower end of the column 3 and has a drive shaft'ZIi (Fig.9) connected through a. speed reduction gear transmission within thecolumn to the drive sleeve 2I.

It will be understood that through suitable control of the motor 25, theslide 2, with all of the machine structure superimposed thereon, may betranslated selectively in either direction and at various rates of speedalong the base frame I. A finely graduated feed range may be obtained byutilizing an electronic speed control for the motor 25. Such electroniccontrol per se does not form any part of the present invention, andhence is not disclosed herein, but may be of the type disclosed in acopending application by Keith F. Gallimore, Serial No. 582,910, filedMarch 15, 1945 (Patent No. 2,428,308, issued September 30, 1947).

Tracing the gear transmission (Figs. 4a, 8, 9,

12, 14) from the motor to the drive sleeve 2|, the motor shaft 26extends through an opening 2'! (Fig. 9) in one side wall of the column3, and is connected through a flexible coupling 23 to an intermediateshaft 29 in axial alignment therewith and in turn rotatably supported inone wall of a milling feed housing 33 within the column. A pinion 3!(Fig. 12) on the inner end of the intermediate shaft 29 meshes with arelatively large gear 32 on a parallel shaft 33 to provide a first speedreduction. The parallel or offset shaft 33 is suitably journalled atopposite ends within the column 3, and is connected to a worm shaft 34through gears 35 (Fig. 12) and 36 (Fig. 14) providing a second speedreduction. The shaft 34 also is suitably journalled within the column 3,and is located below and in parallel relation to the shaft 33. Anhourglass worm 31 on the shaft 34 meshes with a worm wheel 38 (Figs. 8,l4) coaxially secured to the drive sleeve 2| at a point intermediate thenut 23 and the clutch element 23 to provide a third speed reductionbetween the motor 25 and the sleeve. It will be understood that bylocation of the shaft I1 and the drive sleeve 21 on the vertical swivelaxis on the column 3, the drive will be maintained in all angularpositions of column adjustment.

To provide means for adjustably supporting the column 3 on the baseslide 2, the latter is formed on the top surface with a flat annularguideway 33 (Fig. 6) circumscribing a central depressed annular flangeor shelf 43 underlying the mounting flange 19 of the bearing [8. Thecolumn 3 is supported at the lower end on a circular base plate orplaten 4| rigid with the housing 30 and in fiat bearing engagement withthe machined way 39 of the slide 2. A flanged guide ring 42 engages in aperipheral groove 43 in the upper edge of the platen 4| and is rigidlybolted to the base slide 2 to locate and confine the column 3 for rotaryadjustment on the supporting slide.

The platen 4i and the superimposed column 3 are adapted for rotaryadjustment through a range of 360 by the use of suitable power means. Inthe preferred form, this means comprises a branch drive adapted to betaken off the drive sleeve 2|. More particularly, the drive comprises avertical shaft 44 (Figs. 4b, 8) rotatably journalled in fixed axialposition within the column 3, and extending in parallel spaced relationalong the shaft II. A combined drive sleeve and gear 45 is normallyfreely rotatable on the upper end of the shaft 44, and meshes with agear 43 rigid with the drive sleeve 2 i. A clutch sleeve 4'! is slidablysplined for axial movement on the upper end of the shaft 44 in closelyadjacent sideto-side relation with the clutch sleeve 22. The adjacentfaces of the gear 45 and clutch sleeve 4'! are formed respectively withclutch elements 48 and 49, adapted for separable engagement to connectthe gear to the shaft 44. A ring gear 50, constituting a circular rackextending through 350, is seated on and secured to the flange 43concentrically about the swivel axis of the column 3, and the lower endof the shaft 44 is operatively connected thereto through a train ofspeed reduction gears. Thus, a pinion 5| fixed on the lower end of theshaft 44 meshes with an A suitable interlocking clutch actuatingmechanism is provided for shifting the clutch sleeves 22 and 41selectively to connect either the drive for translating the base slide 2or the drive for rotatably adjusting the column 3. In the presentinstance, the clutch actuating mechanism comprises a pair of parallelvertical shifter rods 54 and 55 (Figs. 14, 1'7) slidably guided withinthe column 3. The upper ends of the rods 54 and 55 are provided withshifter shoes 53 and 51 (Figs. 4b, 8, 17) respectively engaging inperipheral grooves 58 and 53 in the clutch sleeves 22 and 41. The lowerends of the rods 54 and 55 are formed with transverse notches 63 and 61respectively receiving the rounded outer ends of oppositely extendinglevers 62 and 53 on an actuating sleeve 54 (Fig. 14). This sleeve ispinned to the inner end of a rockshaft B5 journalled and extendingthrough one side wall of the column 3 for external actuation. A selectorlever 66 is pinned to the outer end of the rockshaft 65, and is providedwith a releasable spring-actuated cletent 61 adapted for engagement ineither of two locating apertures 38 (Fig. 15) to lock the rockshaft 65selectively in either position of adjustment. It will be evident thatupon movement of the lever 66 in one direction, the arms 62 and 63 willact simultaneously, through the shifter rods 54 and 55 and shoes 55 and51, to engage the clutch elements 23 and 24 and disengage the clutchelements 48 and 49 so as to establish the drive for translating the baseslide 2. Conversely, upon moving the lever 66 in the opposite direction,the sleeves 22 and 41 will be shifted simultaneously to disengage theclutch elements 23 and 24 and engage the clutch elements 48 and 49 so asto establish the drive for adjusting or rotating the column 3. Since thetwo clutch sleeves 22 and 41 are simultaneously and oppositely shiftableby means of a single actuator, they are mechanically interlocked so thatwhen either of the two drives is connected, the other drive isnecessarily disengaged.

Suitable clamping means is provided for securing the base slide 2 andthe column 3 in selected positions of adjustment. In the case of thecolumn 3, the clamping means is manually operable, and comprises aplurality of T-bolts 69 (Fig. 6) which extend through the peripherallyprojecting portion of the circular platen 41, and which have their headsslidably confined in a circular T-slot '13 formed in and opening to thetop of the base slide 2 concentrically about the ring gear 53. Nuts Hare provided for tightening the bo ts 59 to clamp the platen 4| rigidlyto the slide 2. By rotary adjustment of the column 3, the spindle 6 ofthe headstock 5 may be disposed to any angular position through a rangeof 360 in a horizontal plane.

The clamping means for securing the base slide 2 in any selectedposition of adjustment or translation on the base frame 1 comprises aplurality of clamping devices 12 arranged for operative engagement withthe guide rails l2, and adapted for simultaneous operation in common bya reversible power actuator. In the present instance, one such clampingdevice 12 is mounted in each side of the base slide 2 for engagementwith the underlying guide rail 12. The clamping devices l'2 per se maybe of any desired construction, and in the present instance aregenerally similar to the type of clamping mechanism disclosed in thepatent to Keith F. Gallimore, No. 2,251,016, issued July 29, 1941. Inthe specific form disclosed, each clamping device 12 comprises arectangular clamping block or shoe I3 (Figs. 6, 10) which is disposedwith a close sliding fit in the space betweeninterrupted sections of theassociate gib plate I4. The shoe I3 is adjustably secured by means of anut I4 to the lower end of a vertical draw bolt I5 extending slidablythrough a bore I6 in the outer edge portion of the base slide 2. Theupper end of the bolt I5 is headed and extends into a housing TI on oneend of a plate I8 secured to the top of the base slide 2. A non-rotaryannular cam member I9 encircles the upper end of the bolt I5 and seatsagainst the bolt head for axial movement therewith. The cam member I9 isslidable within the housing TI and constrained against rotation by aspline key 88. An annular ball raceway SI is positioned about the bolt15 within a counterbore 82 at the end of the bore I6. Interposed betweenthe cam member 19 and the ball raceway 8|,and encircling the bolt I5 isa rotary cam member 83 having a radially projecting rocker arm 84. Theadjacent oppositely-disposed annular faces of the non-rotatable androtatable cam members I9 and 83 are formed with a series of coactinginclined wedge or cam elements 85 and 8'6. Suitable balls 81 areinterposed in one instance between the rotary cam member 83 and theraceway 81 to provide anend thrust anti-friction bearing relationship,and in the other instance between the cam elements 85 and 85 to completethe wedge bearing relationship. It will be evident that upon rotaryactuation of the cam member 83 into tight wedge engagement with themember 79, the bolt I5 will be drawn upwardly t clamp the guide rail I2securely between the upper surface of the guideway I3 and the clampingshoe I3.

The rocker arms 84 of the two clamping devices I2 are mechanicallyinterconnected for joint actuation. In the present instance, the meansfor this purpose comprises an elongated rectangular bar 88 (Fig. 18)extending transversely across the base slide 2, and slidably supportedat opposite ends in transverse guideways 89 (Fig. recessed in the topwalls of the guideways I3 and closed by the overlying plates I8. Eachend of the actuating bar 88 is formed in one side edge with a notch 90(Fig. 18) operatively receiving the rounded outer end of the associatedrocker arm 84. Consequently, longitudinal reciprocation of the bar 88 inopposite directions will effect respectively application or release ofthe clamping devices I2.

The actuator forthe bar 88 comprises a reversible electric torque motorSI (Figs. 13, 18) supported from the underside of the base slide 2between the guideways 13. The motor 9| has a driveshaft 92 (Fig. 13)which extends longitudinally of the base frame I and hence transverselyof the bar 88, and which is suitably coupled to an axially aligned wormshaft 93 j'ournalled in a gear housing 94 on the underside of thebaseslide 2. A Worm 95, fixed on the shaft 93, meshes with a worm wheel 98fixed on a vertical crankshaft 91. A crank disc 98 (Fig. 25) is integralwith the upper end of the shaft 97, and is rotatably supported in aperipheral bearing 99 immediately beneath the clamp actuating bar 88.The disc 98 is provided with an eccentric crankpin I90 which projectsupwardly into a transverse slot IIII in the clamp actuating bar 88, andis provided with an antifriction bearing ring I02 slidably engaging thesides of the slot. The motor 9| has suitable electrical control circuitscomprising an on" 8 and 0d switch I03 (Fig. 1) included in an electricalcontrol panel H34 on the front of theheadstock 5. In operation, assumingthat the switch I03 has been actuated to effect release of the clampingdevices 72, the crankpin IIIIl will locate the bar 88 in one extreme endposition. Upon actuation of the switch I03 to institute reverseoperation of the motor BI, the crankpin I00 will be revolved throughsomewhat less than 180 to shift the clamp actuating bar 88 out of saidposition until the clamping devices I2 are'applied.

Provision is made for supplying electrical energy to the variouselectrical units located within the base frame I, and forinterconnecting these units and related electrical units on the column 3and headstock 5. In the presentinstance, the electrical units withinthebase frame I comprise the'column base clamp motor 9i, and two limitswitches I65 and IIIEa (Figs. 2b, 24) connected in the controls for thecolumn feed motor 25. The control circuits for the column feed motor 25also include a selector switch I96 (Fig. 1) on the front of theheadstock 5 for determining the direction and the rate of feed. Thelimit switches I and WM are supported on the base slide 2 for movementtherewith, and are located for actuation respectively by suitable camsIEII and I08 adjustably mounted in the base frame or runway I.

In order to provide the necessary electrical connections from therotatably adjustable column 3 to the base slide 2, the dependingcylindrical bearing I8 is utilized as a collector ring drum. To thisend, an electrical insulating sleeve Hi9 (Figs. 8, 22) encircles and issecured-to the bearing I8, and is formed in the outer periphery with aseries of axially-spaced annular grooves I I I] in which a correspondingmember of electrical collector rings III are inserted. In the presentinstance, six collector rings III are shown, and they are arrangedconcentrically about the swivel axis of the bearing I8 and are connectedto electrical leads IIZ (Figs. 22, 23) extending upwardly through thecircular platen II to the electrical units and control elements on thecolumn 3 and headstock 5.

A plurality of electrical brushes H3 are suitably mounted in one end ofthe base slide .2 for sliding contact respectively with the collectorrings 1 I I in any position of rotary adjustment of the column 3. In thepresent instance, six brushes H3 are provided, and they are preferablyalike in construction and arranged in vertically staggered relation.Each brush comprises an elongated rod of electrical conducting materialextending slidably through and guided by a tube or sleeve II I ofelectrical insulating ma terial. The rods H3 and sleeves I I4 extendlongitudinally of the guide rails I2 toward one end of the base slide 2where the outer ends are readily accessible for assembling and servicingthe electrical circuits. The innermost ends of the sleeves II extendthrough and are rigidly supported in a depending rib H5 on the undersideof the slide 2, and the outermost ends thereof extend freely throughsuitable bores H5 in a depending end bracket I I! on the slide, andthence with a tight fit partially into aligned bores I I8 in one side ofan insulating block I I9 secured to the bracket. The outermost ends ofthe rods [I3 extend from the sleeves He through the bores H8 andcompletely through the block III} to provide external terminal posts I2a; for the attachment of electrical leads. In each instance, a coiledcompression spring I 2! is seated in the bore H8 and engages a collarI22 on the rod H3

